Inhaltsverzeichnis für March 7, 2016 in TIME Magazine

[This article contains a table. Please see hardcopy of magazine or PDF.] Cruz would replace almost all federal taxes--and loopholes--with a single 16% VAT on business revenues and a 10% tax on personal income. Taxes Both plans are likely to raise deficits. Rubio would consolidate the current seven tax brackets to three, with top earners paying 35% and businesses 25%. He would also nix taxes on investments. Cruz opposes any path to citizenship or legal status for immigrants in the U.S. illegally and would push to deport them through existing law-enforcement measures. Immigration Both candidates promise to secure the border by building a wall, imposing new employment screening and hiring new border agents. Rubio supports a long and difficult path to citizenship for immigrants in the country illegally and…

On Feb. 19, China's President Xi Jinping visited the offices of the nation's biggest media outlets to demand that journalists "speak for the [Communist] Party's will" and to order them to undergo Marxist training. This is just the latest incident in Xi's mounting assault on already limited press freedoms. [This article consists of 3 illustrations. Please see hardcopy of magazine or PDF.] COPY APPROVAL New rules forbid foreign companies from publishing "informational or thoughtful" online content within China unless preapproved by the government. U.S. giants from Dow Jones to Apple could be affected. CLOSED INTERNET Xi has called for Internet sovereignty, the idea of restricting the free flow of online data across national borders. Recent legislation criminalizes any digital content that could be deemed a national-security threat. JAILED…

Boutros Boutros-Ghali took the helm of the United Nations at a pivotal time. The end of the Cold War brought new hope, but we quickly realized this brave new world would be far more difficult to manage than we had imagined. With characteristic directness and intellectual agility, Boutros sought to confront and overcome the complex challenges of the day. It was on his watch that the Agenda for Peace was launched, making the case for preventive diplomacy. He will be remembered for helping prepare the U.N. for a world where states would no longer be able to control or suppress the forces and furies that ensnare them. Annan, a former U.N. Secretary-General, is the chair of the Kofi Annan Foundation…

Studies have shown that eating too much meat can lead to heart disease, among other conditions. But if that's the case, why did humans evolve to be carnivorous in the first place? The answer, according to science journalist Marta Zaraska, is that we (kind of) didn't; rather, we evolved because we ate meat. Prehumans had a mostly plant-based diet, comprising fruits, leaves and flowers. But some 2.5 million years ago, climate change caused lengthy dry spells over the African savanna, severely limiting many of those calorie sources--and making lions' leftovers, like zebra meat, an appealing alternative (with extra nutrients that helped our brains grow). By 1.8 million years ago, we were hunting game on our own, fostering the kind of teamwork and communication that allowed us to have complex social…

It was, of course, inevitable that on the day after Marco Rubio finished second in the South Carolina Republican primary, Donald Trump would eject a tweet questioning Rubio's citizenship. Rubio is a U.S. citizen. He was born here, the son of Spanish-speaking Cuban immigrants. (Trump's mother was a Gaelic-speaking Scottish immigrant.) But no matter. Rubio had just committed the ultimate offense in Trumpworld: he had shown not just a sign of life in the Republican campaign but also a sign of hope. In the waning days of the primary, he had appeared onstage with South Carolina's Indian-American governor, Nikki Haley, and its African-American U.S. Senator, Tim Scott. "Take a picture of this," Haley said, "because the new group of conservatives that's taking over America looks like a Benetton commercial." The…

[This article consists of 2 illustrations. Please see hardcopy of magazine or PDF.] AI WILL BENEFIT HUMANKIND Gelernter falls here AI WILL DOOM US ALL Ray Kurzweil INVENTOR, FUTURIST AND DIRECTOR OF ENGINEERING AT GOOGLE, 68 Kurzweil believes human-level AI will be achieved by 2029. Given the technology's potential to help find cures for diseases and clean up the environment, he says, we have "a moral imperative to realize this promise while controlling the peril." Sam Altman COMPUTER PROGRAMMER AND PRESIDENT OF STARTUP INCUBATOR Y COMBINATOR, 30 Altman, who's working on developing an open-source version of AI that would be available to all, believes future iterations could be designed to self-police, working toward benevolent ends only. Michio Kaku BEST-SELLING AUTHOR, THEORETICAL PHYSICIST AND FUTURIST, 69 Kaku takes…

Michael Trimble, a behavioral neurologist with the unusual distinction of being one of the world's leading experts on crying, was about to be interviewed on a BBC radio show when an assistant asked him a strange question: How come some people don't cry at all? The staffer went on to explain that a colleague of hers insisted he never cries. She'd even taken him to see Les Misérables, certain it would jerk a tear or two, but his eyes stayed dry. Trimble was stumped. He and the handful of other scientists who study human crying tend to focus their research on wet eyes, not dry ones, so before the broadcast began, he set up an email address--nocrying10@gmail.com--and on the air asked listeners who never cry to contact him. Within a…

What does Doug get out of his relationship with Frank Underwood? He's an addict. Frank and that job are an addiction, just like Rachel, like alcohol. In the original script for last season's finale, Doug didn't kill Rachel. But you and showrunner Beau Willimon decided to change her fate. Why? We knew Doug was 99% sure he would never see Rachel again, but there was that 1% of doubt. He couldn't go to Frank and say they were all good when they weren't. He had to kill her. Your kids guest-starred as Doug's niece and nephew last season. It was hell. I was so stressed. My son was 2 and cried the whole time. But my daughter loved it. She's so funny, a typical actor. When she saw it, she…

PAUL GAUGUIN Christie's and Sotheby's each offered an identical painting, Vase de Fleurs, at the same time in 2000. The dealer who owned the original had a copy made, which he sold with the original letter of authenticity. THOMAS GAINSBOROUGH A 1791 landscape oil painting was reportedly undone when faint pencil marks were found below the signature for the forger to trace. HEINRICH CAMPENDONK One of the most successful forgers in history, Wolfgang Beltracchi unknowingly used a paint containing traces of titanium white in a phony Campendonk work. There was no titanium white in Campendonk's day. CLEMENTINE HUNTER A series of works purportedly by the African-American folk artist had cat hair stuck in the paint, whereas Hunter's originals did not. Her forgers had dozens of cats. VINCENT VAN GOGH…

'The FBI is creating a world where citizens rely on Apple to defend their rights.' Edward Snowden, former NSA contractor who faces charges for national-security leaks, defending Apple after it defied the FBI's demand for help breaking into an iPhone that belonged to one of the San Bernardino, Calif., shooters $35,000 Final price paid at auction for a lock of John Lennon's hair that was cut from the Beatles legend's head by a German barber in 1966 LOT #89135 28% Percentage of speaking roles featuring nonwhite actors in over 400 major movies and TV shows from 2014 to 2015, according to a comprehensive new report on diversity in Hollywood. Only a third of speaking roles were played by women 'Avoiding pregnancy is not an absolute evil.' Pope Francis, suggesting that…

DIED Umberto Eco, 84, Italian literary giant and author of best-selling novels like The Name of the Rose. • James "Sonny James" Loden, 87, country-music star best known for his 1956 hit "Young Love." He had 16 consecutive No. 1 singles. • Angela "Big Ang" Raiola, 55, star of VH1's reality-TV show Mob Wives and niece of Salvatore Lombardi of the Genovese crime family. ANNOUNCED By Missouri Democratic Senator Claire McCaskill, that she has breast cancer and will take a leave to undergo treatment. RECALLED By the candy company Mars, chocolate bars in 55 countries--mostly in Europe--after plastic was discovered in a Snickers bar in Germany. Affected products were made at a factory in the Netherlands. WON The Daytona 500, by Denny Hamlin, by just 0.01 seconds, the smallest margin…

The first thing to understand about Apple's ongoing fight with the FBI--over a court order to help un-lock the alleged San Bernardino shoot-er's phone--is that it has very little to do with the San Bernardino shooter's phone. It's not even really the latest round of the Crypto Wars--the long-running debate about how law-enforcement and intelligence agencies can adapt to the growing ubiquity of uncrackable encryption. It's actually a fight over the future of high-tech surveillance, the trust infra-structure undergirding the global soft-ware ecosystem and how far technology companies and software developers can be conscripted as unwilling suppliers of hacking tools for governments. It's also the public expression of a conflict that will undoubtedly continue in secret, one that is likely already well under way. First, the specifics of the case.…

Three things to know about self-driving cars. One: They're here. Last fall, Tesla Motors pushed a software update to its vehicles around the world. The new code coordinated sensors, cameras, GPS and controls already onboard the cars to allow for so-called autonomous driving--albeit with humans in the driver's seat ready to take over if needed. Within weeks, a crew of rally drivers climbed into a Model S in Los Angeles and sped to New York City in just over two days, the car steering itself 96% of the way. Other stoked nondrivers have posted videos of themselves reading books, brushing their teeth and otherwise ignoring the road as their cars zoomed along. Tesla founder Elon Musk predicts that his electric cars will be entirely self-driving (even docking themselves at robotic…

Perhaps U.K. Prime Minister David Cameron believed back in 2013, when he promised a referendum on whether Britain would stay in the E.U., that Euroskeptics couldn't possibly win. But much has changed since, and though a majority of those voting in the June 23 referendum are likely to want to keep Britain in the union, the risk is real that a surge of fear over migrants, or a terrorist attack, could tip the scales toward an "out" vote. And that would have major implications for Britain, Europe and the world. A vote to leave would force the British government to renegotiate trade and investment relationships with other E.U. members. Over time, Britain might secure access to E.U. markets for its goods on fairly favorable terms, but European leaders would make…

Harper Lee made her mark early on. After she published To Kill a Mockingbird in 1960, she lived quietly in Monroeville, Ala., until her death Feb. 19 at 89. The book tends to enter readers' lives early too. Mockingbird is a simple story of childhood, but its harsher truths about race in America are complicated enough to reward many rereadings over the course of a lifetime. This became yet more apparent after last year's release of the purported sequel Go Set a Watchman, in which Mockingbird's fair-minded lawyer Atticus Finch is revealed as a racist. Reader outrage ratified the power and impact of Lee's writing. And the fact that Finch could so convincingly bear both heroism and racial animus proved the clear-sighted genius of a woman for whom the Old…

"Reality has overtaken parody," Antonin Scalia liked to say during his fiery 30-year tenure on America's highest court. It was a quip typically hurled at judges who diverged from Scalia's own philosophy, but it also encapsulated his dismay at much of the culture surrounding him. He dismissed the rulings of colleagues as "tutti-frutti opinion" and "argle-bargle." He scoffed at "homosexual activists." He deplored "sandal-wearing, scruffy-bearded weirdo[s]" who burned American flags (even as he upheld their right to do so). "I'm normal," Scalia once said. "Everyone else is crazy." And so it would hardly have surprised the brilliant and irascible jurist that mere hours after he was found dead on a Saturday morning in a quiet quarter of the West Texas mountains, a circus was already unfolding. The show began within…

Long before the existence of Uber, the ride-booking service for which Jason Dalton was ferrying passengers around Kalamazoo on Feb. 20--the day he allegedly shot and killed six people--the western-Michigan city maintained a prominent place in the history of automotive livery. For years, Kalamazoo was best known as the home of Checker Motors Corp., maker of the nation's most famous taxicabs. The squared-off Checker sedan was an American icon, the car you pictured idling at the curb after you hailed a taxi. It puttered in from another time, distinguished by a passenger compartment "as large as a Manhattan living room," as one writer put it, and a driver who harbored fears about who might be back there. In 1968 the company rolled out a model with a built-in bulletproof partition,…

Elections come and go. Markets rise and fall. Celebrities wax and wane. But now and then we meet a controversy of deep and lasting dimensions. Some of our leading engineers and most brilliant theorists say the future of artificial intelligence is such a matter. Will machines learn to think like humans--and then to outthink us? And if they do, what will become of us? The topic, once a staple of science fiction, has become one of the defining facts of high tech. From Apple to Amazon, Facebook to Intel, Sergey Brin to Elon Musk, the titans of the 21st century are investing fortunes and countless hours in artificial intelligence (AI). Google's 2014 purchase of the British firm Deep Mind for something more than $400 million produced a bonanza of publicity…

When Thejo Kote turns on his Audi A4 near his apartment in San Francisco, his home starts to cool down because the car has told his thermostat that he's heading out for the day and it's time to start conserving energy. His company, Automatic, makes a little dongle that plugs into a slot beneath the steering wheel of most cars on American roads (probably including yours) to enable this kind of cross talk. As Kote drives around to showcase the gizmo's other talents--like sending his smartphone information about his fuel-wasting jackrabbit accelerations--he points out the little gestures exchanged between humans in cars and on foot. These nods and knowing glances that make it clear who should go and who should wait are still beyond the reach of algorithms, he says:…

TV loves characters with broad, sweeping visions--people who want to dominate their industries or triumph over their adversaries. By contrast, the characters on Togetherness are flat-out lazy. In the show's second season, which premiered Feb. 21, our central characters are simply trying to do as little emotional damage as possible. That's precisely the reason the show is so revelatory. In Season 2, married couple Michelle and Brett (Melanie Lynskey and show co-creator Mark Duplass) are in a holding pattern, unready to break up or fix their relationship. Brett is spending his time on an amateur musical adaptation of the sci-fi novel Dune with actor pal Alex (Steve Zissis), while Michelle halfheartedly noodles over a plan to start a charter school, something she's not even sure she wants anymore. Their goals…

Track-and-field star Jesse Owens, one of the great athletes of the 20th century, won four gold medals at the 1936 Olympics in Berlin--a victory made even sweeter by the fact that Owens was an African American competing in a country already enacting its mission of ethnic cleansing. But Stephen Hopkins' Race, starring Stephan James (who played John Lewis in Selma), doesn't come close to being the biopic Owens deserves. For one thing, it presents Hitler's favorite filmmaker, the opportunistic Leni Riefenstahl (Carice van Houten), so sympathetically that she's almost heroic. Worse yet, Race makes racism--not Owens--the star of the show: he comes off as a man who let events shape him, instead of the other way around. Even so, James gives his portrayal of Owens some quiet gravity, and his…

LOVE IT American Girl's newest doll, Melody, has a backstory that aims to highlight the 1960s civil rights movement. Adele found a silver lining after sound issues plagued her Grammys performance: 'I'm treating myself to ... In-N-Out. So maybe it was worth it.' Pop-rock group OK Go filmed its latest music video in a zero-gravity chamber. Prince tweeted his passport photo--and it was just as Prince-y as you'd expect. Facebook expanded its Like feature to encompass a range of reactions, including love, sad and angry. Emily Blunt is in talks to play Mary Poppins in Disney's forthcoming sequel to the 1964 classic. Time's weekly take on what popped in culture LEAVE IT The U.S. Food and Drug Administration warned that products labeled "100% Parmesan" might actually contain cheese substitutes like…

What do you feel most proud of in 70 years of public life? The things that were done belong to the past. I'm mainly occupied with the things that can and should be done tomorrow. Are you still involved in any peace negotiations with the Palestinians? I am actually involved in my own efforts to address peace. But I would like to make two remarks. One, peace today is different from peace yesterday because the world has changed. It's become more global and more scientific than it ever was. Second, what people don't understand, you don't begin peace negotiations with a happy end. Keep the happy end for the end. You have to begin from an obscure, complicated situation. Do you think a two-state solution is still possible? It's the…