Tabla de contenidos para Summer 2020 en Foreign Policy

FOLLOWING THE BRUTAL POLICE KILLING OF GEORGE FLOYD in Minneapolis in late May, activists and protesters are calling on the government to “defund the police.” The Minneapolis City Council has declared its intention to do exactly that. But national Democratic pundits and elected officials have been wary of adopting the idea. Joe Biden, the presumptive Democratic presidential nominee, has opposed defunding the police; so has his erstwhile primary opponent Sen. Bernie Sanders. But throttling cash flows to harmful institutions isn’t a new idea on the left or for Democrats. For decades, Democrats and the left called for the defunding of the military in much the same terms as protesters and activists are now calling for the defunding of the police. “Defund the military” has, it’s true, largely been abandoned as…

THE CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC has upended Western economies, many of which are now facing their gravest crises since the Great Depression. In response, governments are taking unprecedented measures. In the United States, the crisis has produced an expansion of big government programs unparalleled in peacetime: massive stimulus measures, a historic expansion of unemployment benefits, a temporary basic income for many citizens, billions of dollars in funding for public health measures, low or zero-interest loans to businesses, and more. In addition, the U.S. Federal Reserve is engaged in an experiment with modern monetary theory—previously considered “voodoo economics” by mainstream economists—promising to pump unlimited amounts of money into the economy. In Europe, governments have implemented even more dramatic measures, as economists such as Martin Sandbu urge them to “throw caution to the wind…

EMPIRES ARE BIG AND MICROBES SMALL, but both have shaped history by conquering territories and bodies, leaving death, disease, and devastation in their wake. Yet humans have survived many such onslaughts and brought, at hard-won cost, peace, knowledge, and protection. Conquerors such as the Romans in Britain or the Mongols in China first massacred local people who were not yet “immune”—that is to say, submissive. Huge numbers of people died, but afterward rulers and subjects worked out an accommodation where regular taxation replaced mere plunder. In the same fashion, diseases settled into an arrangement with humanity. The initial casualties as new viruses and bacteria emerged from the wilderness died down as immunity developed or diseases became less lethal, allowing a mutual, if uneasy, existence. Disease and empire also marched together.…

"We don't expect students to be able to pay for their education in full or repay a lot of loans …We have made affordability a priority."-Ted Beatty, Associate Dean for Academic Affairs, Keough School of Global Affairs, University of Notre Dame Students at Notre Dame's Keough School of Global Affairs benefit from generous grants that cover much of their tuition and living costs. This past academic year, grants met at least 65 percent of financial needs for all 70 students. "We have generous donors who have provided funding devoted to student support," says Ted Beatty, associate dean for academic affairs. "The basic foundation for financial aid is very strong here." Besides funding for tuition, the school has special grants to support the travel or research fieldwork that is needed to…

"Feel free to reach out. We have established channels for financial aid, and we're working hard to constantly update the information on our website."-Jessica Ly, Financial Aid Officer, Steven J. Green School of International & Public Affairs, Florida International University In uncertain times, when enrolling in graduate school may seem like a luxury, the Office of Financial Aid at Florida International University (FIU) is well-equipped to assist students who want to pursue a master's degree at the Steven J. Green School of International & Public Affairs. "Feel free to reach out," says Jessica Ly, FIU financial aid officer. "We have established channels for financial aid and we're working hard to constantly update the information on our website." The key to a student's financial aid search is the webpage https://onestop.fiu.edu. The…

"Over the years, Sciences Po has substantially reinforced its financial aid policy, working closely with its own community and external partners."-Catarina Laranjeira, Assistant Dean for Admissions, Paris School of International Affairs, Sciences Po As part of a storied university with a history dating to 1872, the 10-year-old Paris School of International Affairs (PSIA) at Sciences Po has relatively affordable tuition of 14,700 euros (about $16,000) per year. This reflects the university's strategic choice to enable the best students to access a world-class education. The school mixes social sciences and hard sciences and is guided by professors and high-profile practitioners—such as former ambassadors and ministers says Dean Enrico Letta, himself a forme prime minister of Italy. Sciences Po provides about 11 million euros ($12.1 million) per year in financial aid. In…

WE ARE ALL STATISTS NOW. Since the coronavirus pandemic struck and the global economy unraveled, we have looked to governments to mobilize medical resources, implement containment measures, and spend previously unimaginable sums to support workers and businesses. Out of these emergency policies could arise new institutions and ways of solving problems that will benefit us long after the pandemic. There is a dark side, too. Governments have assumed new powers to trace, track, and control. Some of them have already abused these powers, and it is entirely conceivable that they may never give them back. To help us understand how the pandemic will permanently expand government powers—for good or for bad—foreign policy asked 10 leading thinkers from around the world to weigh in. After the Pandemic, Big Brother Will Be…

WARREN BUFFETT FAMOUSLY SAID YOU ONLY LEARN who is swimming naked when the tide goes out. It is now low tide for America’s hyperprivatized economy, and the receding waves have revealed catastrophic failures of ideology, policy, and business practice. The COVID-19 crisis has produced immense harm but one salutary effect: It has destroyed a lot of the conventional wisdom concerning governments and markets. The dominant and now discredited ideology known as neoliberalism held that markets work tolerably well most of the time and that market failure was rare. Market fundamentalism—a total faith in the ability of free market capitalism to solve problems—was disgraced by the stock market crash of 1929 and the U.S.government’s successful New Deal reforms during Franklin D. Roosevelt’s presidency. But since the 1970s, a new neoliberal orthodoxy…

A PAIR OF SENTENCES, PUBLISHED ON APRIL 17, show us how strange globalization has become: “Two semi-trailer trucks, cleverly marked as food-service vehicles, met us at the warehouse. When fully loaded, the trucks would take two distinct routes back to Massachusetts to minimize the chances that their contents would be detained or redirected.” This passage didn’t appear in one of Richard Stark’s crime novels or in the script of an East Coast reshoot of Breaking Bad. It was published in the New England Journal of Medicine, describing a hospital’s desperate efforts to secure a shipment of personal protective equipment. This is not simply a story about the United States. It reflects a much bigger change from a world of predictable trade and exchange to one of government blockades and daring…

YOU CAN HATE HENRY KISSINGER AND THINK HIM EVIL. What you can’t do is ignore him—especially now. So argues Barry Gewen in his incisive new intellectual history of Kissinger and his times, The Inevitability of Tragedy. Indeed, not only can we not ignore the old statesman, who turned 97 in May, but we need him more than ever. To be precise, we desperately need Kissinger’s ideas and instincts about how to muddle our way through a world that, we now realize, isn’t working very well—and probably never will. The world, from Washington’s perspective especially, has gotten Kissingerian again. America’s crusades are over or at best are corroded and crumbling at their derelict foundations. The Wilsonian crusaderism that transformed sensible Cold War containment into a futile and delusional battle against the…

"Often, students fund their education with a combination of resources. It's really a patchwork."-Sonja Steinbrech, director of degree program enrollment, School of Global Policy and Strategy, UC San Diego A "mosaic" of funding allows students to afford UC San Diego's School of Global Policy and Strategy (GPS), according to Sonja Steinbrech, director of degree program enrollment. It helps that GPS's tuition and fees are a value compared with private schools, and that students can become California residents and be eligible for a $12,000 discount during their second year at the school. "Often, students fund their education with a combination of resources," Steinbrech says. Some GPS students win a paid, private-sector internship. However, those who have an unpaid internship in the public sector or with a nonprofit are eligible for aid…

Texas A&M University, The Bush School of Government and Public Service Director of Academic Partnerships:Sherri Greeves 202-457-7939 sherri.greeves@foreignpolicy.com The copy in this report was prepared by independent writers in connection with the business department of FOREIGN POLICY, and did not involve the editorial staff of this magazine. Editor: Katherine Hutt Scott Writers: Brooks Boliek Viola Gienger Katie Lee Holly Rosenkrantz Copy Editor: Rachel McVearry Designer: Cinda Debbink, dgDesignPartners.com © 2020 THE FP GROUP, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies https://sais.jhu.edu Financial Aid https://sais.jhu.edu/admissions-aid/tuition-aid Contact saisfinidinfo@jhu.edu, 202-663-5706 University of Notre Dame, Keough School of Global Affairs https://keough.nd.edu Financial Aid https://keough.nd.edu/master-of-global-aff airs/scholarships-and-stipends Contact https://keoughnd.edu/master-of-global-affairs/ apply, keough-admissions@nd.edu, 574-631-3426 UC San Diego, School of Global Policy and Strategy https://gps.ucsd.edu Financial Aid https://gps.ucsd.edu/admissions/tuition/fellowships-financing.html, gps-apply@ucsd.edu, 858-534-5914 Federal Loans https://fas.ucsd.edu, finaid@ucsd.edu Princeton…

RACE IS NOT A PERSPECTIVE ON INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS; it is a central organizing feature of world politics. Anti-Japanese racism guided and sustained U.S. engagement in World War II, and broader anti-Asian sentiment influenced the development and structure of NATO. During the Cold War, racism and anti-communism were inextricably linked in the containment strategy that defined Washington’s approach to Africa, Asia, Central America, the Caribbean, and South America. And today race shapes threat perception and responses to violent extremism, inside and outside the global war on terrorism. Yet mainstream international relations (IR) scholarship denies race as essential to understanding the world, to the cost of the field’s integrity. Take the “big three” IR paradigms: realism, liberalism, and constructivism. These dominant frames for understanding global politics are built on raced and racist…

ON OCT. 7, 2006, THE RUSSIAN JOURNALIST ANNA POLITKOVSKAYA was spending an unremarkable Saturday afternoon running errands. When she arrived home, she took what groceries she could carry out of her car and up to her seventh-floor apartment before heading back downstairs for the rest. As the elevator reached the ground floor and the doors shuddered open, a man in a baseball cap stepped forward and shot the 48-year-old dead. The person who ordered her assassination has never been found, but there’s little doubt about why someone might have wanted her dead. Politkovskaya spent years exposing human rights abuses, corruption, and the misuse of power. It is a beat that has proved lethal for many Russian journalists—particularly for those such as Politkovskaya who had no krysha, or protec-tion, from the…

ANTITRUST REGULATORS ARE RARELY WELL KNOWN outside of trade lobbies and industry circles. Not so Denmark’s Margrethe Vestager, who may be the world’s most famous corporate umpire. The European Union’s competition commissioner, who began an unprecedented second term last November, is something of a global celebrity: She’s a sought-after speaker, a female icon, and the person seen as most likely to rein in the unfettered dominance of the world’s biggest technology firms. Vestager has made news with the huge fines for anti-competitive behavior she has leveled at companies such as Google and Apple. But those punitive measures were limited to Vestager’s jurisdiction—the common European market—and represent only minor stumbles for the world’s most powerful corporations. That’s why Vestager is redoubling her efforts and hoping other countries will follow her lead.…

“IS IT A CRIME TO WRITE SOME WORDS ON FACEBOOK?” So asks Jivan, the young protagonist of Megha Majumdar’s powerful debut novel, A Burning, after she is falsely accused of collaborating with a terrorist on social media. More than a hundred people have been killed in an attack at a train station near her slum in Kolkata, and tensions are running high. Given what befalls her, Jivan could have put her question another way: Is it a crime to be born into a poor family in India? To be a Muslim? To be a woman? To imagine a better life, powered by her meager salary as a retail clerk and animated by her new smartphone? Of course, Jivan’s Facebook post, which starts the novel, was ill-advised—especially given the realities of…

"Building your skill set and getting your credentials is the smart move now to position yourself for when the economy comes back."-Sidney T. Jackson, Assistant Dean of Global Enrollment and Recruitment, School of Advanced International Studies, Johns Hopkins University The current economic downturn may be "a great time to consider graduate school," according to Sidney T. Jackson of Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies. "Building your skill set and getting your credentials is the smart move now to position yourself for when the economy comes back." To help prospective students afford the degree, Johns Hopkins SAIS seeks to understand each personal situation and develop an appropriate aid package, says Jackson, assistant dean of global enrollment and recruitment. "We don't want to saddle students with debt that is going…

"Other schools ask you to invest in your education. At Princeton, we invest in you."-Steven F. Petric, Director of Graduate Admissions, Princeton School of Public and International Affairs, Princeton University Princeton offers a fully funded graduate education at its School of Public and International Affairs for all students, launching them into post-graduate life without the weight of student loans. "All students receive 100 percent of tuition and required fees support," says Steven F. Petric, director of graduate admissions. "Anybody who is admitted should be able to attend, irrespective of ability to pay. That's a Princeton philosophy." This opens Princeton's School of Public and International Affairs to everyone, including first-generation and low-income students, and those from families whose finances were shaken by the coronavirus economic downturn. Students also are eligible for…

"The most important thing about the Bush School is that every full-time Master of International Affairs student receives some amount of scholarship."-Dr. F. Gregory Gause Ill, Head of the Department of International Affairs, The Bush School of Government and Public Service, Texas A&M University The Bush School of Government and Public Service offers an avenue to an affordable, world-class advanced degree that encourages graduates to follow the vision of public service embodied by its namesake, President George H.W.Bush. "We are very much committed to the idea of public and government service for our graduates," says Dr. F. Gregory Gause III, head of the Bush School's Department of International Affairs. To that end, the school offers financial support that make its competitive curriculum, small class size, and relatively low-cost tuition even…